Beauty Wire

It was expected that the performer would know how to use tempo changes, accentuation, and pauses (among other devices) to obtain this "expressive" performance style. In the 20th century, art music notation often became more explicit and used a range of markings and annotations to indicate to performers how they should play or sing the piece.

Improvisation is the creation of spontaneous music. Improvisation is often considered an site act of instantaneous composition by composers, where compositional techniques are employed with or without preparation.